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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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mongolia.3
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Government
Long-form name: Mongolian People's Republic; abbreviated MPR.
Type: Communist state.
Capital: Ulaanbaatar.
Administrative divisions: 18 provinces (aymguud, singular--aymag)
and 3 municipalities* (hotuud, singular--hot); Arhangay,
Bayanhongor, Bayan-Olgiy, Bulgan, Darhan*, Dornod, Dornogovi,
Dundgovi, Dzavhan, Erdenet*, Govi-Altay, Hentiy, Hovd, Hovsgol,
Omnogovi, Ovorhangay, Selenge, Suhbaatar, Tov, Ulaanbaatar*, Uvs.
Independence: 13 March 1921 (from China; formerly Outer
Mongolia).
Constitution: 6 July 1960.
Legal system: blend of Russian, Chinese, and Turkish systems
of law; no constitutional provision for judicial review
of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction.
National holiday: People's Revolution Day, 11 July (1921).
Executive branch: chairman and deputy chairman of the Presidium
of the People's Great Hural, Presidium of the People's Great
Hural, chairman of the Council of Ministers, Council of
Ministers (cabinet).
Legislative branch: unicameral People's Great Hural.
Judicial branch: Supreme Court.
Leaders:
Chief of State--Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great
Hural Punsalmaagiyn OCHIRBAT (since 21 March 1990);
Head of Government--Chairman of the Council of Ministers
Sharabyn GUNGAADORJ (since 21 March 1990);
Political parties and leaders: only party--Mongolian People's
Revolutionary Party (MPRP), Gombojabin Ochirbat, General
Secretary.
Suffrage: universal at age 18.
Elections:
President--last held 21 March 1990 (next to be held July 1991);
results--Punsalmaagiyn Ochirbat elected by the People's Great Hural;
People's Great Hural--last held on 22 June 1986 (next to be held
June 1990); results--MPRP was the only party; seats--(370 total)
MPRP 370.
Communists: MPRP membership 88,150 (1986 est.).
Member of: CEMA, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBEC, ILO, IPU, ITU,
UN, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO.
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Gendengiin NYAMDOO;
US--Ambassador Richard L. WILLIAMS.
Flag: three equal, vertical bands of red (hoist side), blue,
and red; centered on the hoist-side red band in yellow is
a five-pointed star above the national emblem (soyombo--a
columnar arrangement of abstract and geometric representations
for fire, sun, moon, earth, water, and the yin-yang symbol).